兔螨病的臨床癥狀及防治方法
發布日期：2024-03-25
來源：http://www.m6i42s8.cn 發布人：創始人
在養兔的過程中，由于多種原因，兔兔會患上各種皮膚病，而兔螨病是一種比較常見的皮膚病。很多養兔新手都問兔螨病有哪些癥狀？用什么藥好？一起來了解一下兔螨病的防治方法吧。
During the process of raising rabbits, due to various reasons, rabbits may suffer from various skin diseases, and rabbit mite disease is a common skin disease. Many novice rabbit farmers ask what are the symptoms of rabbit mite disease? What medicine is good to use? Let's learn about the prevention and control methods of rabbit mite disease together.
1、什么是兔螨病？
1. What is rabbit mite disease?
兔螨病又稱疥瘡、疥瘡，通常是寄生于兔體表或真皮的癢螨、毛螨、疥螨等螨蟲引起的高度接觸性慢性體外寄生蟲病。不同年齡的家兔均可感染本病，但幼兔較成年兔易感，發病嚴重。
Rabbit mite disease, also known as scabies or scabies, is a highly contagious chronic external parasitic disease caused by mites such as itch mites, hairy mites, and scabies that parasitize the surface or dermis of rabbits. Rabbits of different ages can all be infected with this disease, but young rabbits are more susceptible and the disease is more severe than adult rabbits.
二、兔螨病的傳播途徑
2、 The transmission pathways of rabbit mite disease
兔蛔蟲病主要通過健康兔與病兔的接觸傳染和傳播，也可通過兔籠、食槽等器具和飼養員間接傳染。通風不良、光照不足和雨季潮濕較易發病。
Rabbit roundworm disease is mainly transmitted and transmitted through contact between healthy rabbits and diseased rabbits, and can also be indirectly transmitted through equipment such as rabbit cages, feeding troughs, and breeders. Poor ventilation, insufficient lighting, and humid rainy season are more prone to disease.
3、兔螨病有哪些癥狀？
3. What are the symptoms of rabbit mite disease?
嚴格來說，不同類型的螨蟲感染會導致略有不同的癥狀。
Strictly speaking, different types of mite infections can lead to slightly different symptoms.
1. 癢螨
1. Itching mite
主要寄生于病兔耳內，偶可寄生于其他部位，如病兔皮膚皺襞處。耳朵癢得厲害，病兔頻頻搖頭。外耳道檢查發現黃色結痂和分泌物。如果不及時有效，疾病會擴散到中耳和內耳，甚誘發腦膜炎。病兔會出現歪頭、轉圈、癲癇等癥狀。
Mainly parasitizing in the ears of sick rabbits, occasionally parasitizing in other parts, such as the folds of the skin of sick rabbits. The ears itch severely, and the sick rabbit shakes its head frequently. Examination of the external ear canal revealed yellow scabs and secretions. If not treated promptly and effectively, the disease can spread to the middle and inner ear, and even trigger meningitis. Sick rabbits may exhibit symptoms such as crooked head, spinning, and epilepsy.
2.毛螨
2. Mites
主要寄生于病兔背部和頸部的角質層，癥狀一般較輕，感染部位可出現頭皮屑、脂溢性病變、瘙癢和脫毛。
Mainly parasitizing the stratum corneum on the back and neck of infected rabbits, the symptoms are generally mild, and the infected area may present with dandruff, seborrheic lesions, itching, and hair loss.
3. 疥螨
3. Scabies mites
一般先寄生于病兔的頭、足等無毛或短毛部位，可引起白色、灰黃色結痂，繼而蔓延其他部位。病兔患處會有強烈的瘙癢感，所以經常用嘴咬患處，所以患處會出現脫毛、發炎、結痂、皮膚增厚、龜裂等。病兔的采食量會明顯下降。如果得不到及時有效的，終會出現消瘦、貧血甚死亡等癥狀。
Generally, it first parasitizes on the hairless or short haired parts of diseased rabbits, such as the head and feet, and can cause white or grayish yellow scabs, which then spread to other parts. The affected area of sick rabbits will have a strong itching sensation, so they often bite the affected area with their mouth, resulting in hair loss, inflammation, scabbing, skin thickening, and cracking. The feed intake of sick rabbits will significantly decrease. If not treated promptly and effectively, symptoms such as weight loss, anemia, and even death may eventually occur.
四、兔螨病防治方法
4、 Prevention and control methods for rabbit mite disease
兔螨病可選用伊維菌素，這是目前防治該病有效的藥物。用伊維菌素注射液按規定劑量皮下注射患兔。將伊維菌素、敵百蟲、雙甲曲等藥物稀釋后按說明書噴灑患處。結合螨蟲的發育周期，用藥后710天可再次用藥，直病兔痊愈。
Ivermectin can be used to treat rabbit mite disease, which is currently an effective drug for preventing and treating the disease. Inject ivermectin injection subcutaneously into the affected rabbit at the prescribed dose. Dilute drugs such as ivermectin, trichlorfon, and metformin and spray them on the affected area according to the instructions. Based on the developmental cycle of mites, medication can be administered again after 710 days until the diseased rabbit recovers.
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