在廣袤的魯南大地，蒙陰縣以其獨(dú)特的生態(tài)環(huán)境和蓬勃發(fā)展的特色產(chǎn)業(yè)而聞名遐邇。其中，長(zhǎng)毛兔養(yǎng)殖產(chǎn)業(yè)猶如一顆璀璨的明珠，閃耀在這片充滿(mǎn)生機(jī)的土地上。蒙陰縣的長(zhǎng)毛兔繁殖廠(chǎng)，憑借多年的深耕細(xì)作與不斷創(chuàng)新，已成為推動(dòng)當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、助力農(nóng)民增收的重要力量。?

In the vast land of southern Shandong, Mengyin County is renowned for its unique ecological environment and thriving characteristic industries. Among them, the long haired rabbit breeding industry is like a shining pearl, shining on this vibrant land. The Long haired Rabbit Breeding Plant in Mengyin County, with years of deep cultivation and continuous innovation, has become an important force in promoting local economic development and helping farmers increase their income. ?

蒙陰的自然條件得天獨(dú)厚，屬東南亞暖溫帶季風(fēng)性氣候，四季分明，光照充足，氣候溫和，雨量充沛。山區(qū)面積廣大，植被覆蓋率高，空氣中負(fù)氧離子含量高，水源清冽甘爽，植物達(dá) 1000 余種，農(nóng)作物以小麥、玉米、花生、地瓜等為主，為長(zhǎng)毛兔飼養(yǎng)提供了豐富的飼料飼草資源。這樣的環(huán)境優(yōu)勢(shì)，為長(zhǎng)毛兔的健康生長(zhǎng)和兔毛的產(chǎn)出奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。?

Mengyin has unique natural conditions, belonging to the warm temperate monsoon climate of Southeast Asia, with distinct four seasons, abundant sunshine, mild climate, and abundant rainfall. The mountainous area has a vast area, high vegetation coverage, high levels of negative oxygen ions in the air, clear and refreshing water sources, and over 1000 plant species. The main crops are wheat, corn, peanuts, sweet potatoes, etc., providing abundant feed and forage resources for the breeding of long haired rabbits. This environmental advantage has laid a solid foundation for the healthy growth of long haired rabbits and the production of high-quality rabbit hair. ?

蒙陰長(zhǎng)毛兔繁殖廠(chǎng)在品種選育上成果斐然。以沂蒙長(zhǎng)毛兔為例，它是在原德系安哥拉兔基礎(chǔ)上，引入法系、浙系長(zhǎng)毛兔和哈白兔雜交選育而成，1998 年通過(guò)山東省級(jí)成果鑒定。這種長(zhǎng)毛兔體型大，生長(zhǎng)快，11 月齡體重可達(dá) 5300 克，體長(zhǎng) 55 厘米，胸圍 38 厘米，頭呈虎頭形，耳背無(wú)長(zhǎng)毛，耳端一叢纓，背腰寬平，四肢強(qiáng)健。其年產(chǎn) 4 - 6 窩，窩產(chǎn)仔 7.8 只，斷奶成活率 90％。8 - 11 月齡剪毛量 400 - 450 克，年產(chǎn)毛量＞1.8 千克，粗毛率 18％，料毛比 42.5：1，毛纖維品質(zhì)優(yōu)良。蒙陰的繁殖廠(chǎng)一直致力于將這樣的品種進(jìn)行選育推廣，不斷提升種群質(zhì)量。?

The Mengyin Long haired Rabbit Breeding Factory has achieved remarkable results in breed selection. Taking the Yimeng long haired rabbit as an example, it was developed by crossbreeding French, Zhejiang long haired rabbits, and Ha white rabbits based on the original German Angora rabbit. It was identified as a provincial-level achievement in Shandong in 1998. This long haired rabbit has a large body size and grows quickly. At 11 months old, it can weigh up to 5300 grams, with a body length of 55 centimeters and a chest circumference of 38 centimeters. Its head is tiger head shaped, and there is no long hair on the back of its ears. It has a bundle of tassels at the ear tips, a wide back and waist, and strong limbs. Its annual production is 4-6 litters, with 7.8 offspring per litter and a weaning survival rate of 90%. At 8-11 months of age, the shearing amount is 400-450 grams, with an annual wool production of over 1.8 kilograms, a coarse wool rate of 18%, a material to wool ratio of 42.5:1, and excellent wool fiber quality. The breeding plant in Mengyin has been committed to breeding and promoting such high-quality varieties, continuously improving the quality of the population. ?

眾多繁殖廠(chǎng)在養(yǎng)殖規(guī)模與技術(shù)應(yīng)用上各有亮點(diǎn)。蒙陰縣鑫華種兔場(chǎng)現(xiàn)存欄 5000 余只，年可提供 50000 只以上長(zhǎng)毛兔。所繁育的長(zhǎng)毛兔產(chǎn)毛量高，毛粗密度大，不纏結(jié)，抗病力強(qiáng)，易飼養(yǎng)，母兔繁育能力強(qiáng)，母性好，后代生長(zhǎng)快，種兔遺傳性能穩(wěn)定。該兔場(chǎng)采用人工授精技術(shù)，做到統(tǒng)一配種、統(tǒng)一產(chǎn)仔、統(tǒng)一管理，率先實(shí)現(xiàn)了剪毛半自動(dòng)化，并向引種者提供該技術(shù)。蒙陰縣大華長(zhǎng)毛兔良種繁育場(chǎng)占地面積 8000 余，建成后達(dá)到 6000 只長(zhǎng)毛兔籠位、基礎(chǔ)母兔 2000 只、年出欄商品種兔 3 萬(wàn)只的規(guī)模。其依托蒙陰縣 “長(zhǎng)毛兔之鄉(xiāng)” 的影響力，憑借在養(yǎng)兔飼料、技術(shù)、市場(chǎng)方面的優(yōu)勢(shì)，大力發(fā)展培育 “沂蒙巨型長(zhǎng)毛兔”。?

Many breeding plants have their own highlights in terms of breeding scale and technological application. The Xinhua Rabbit Farm in Mengyin County currently has over 5000 rabbits in stock and can provide more than 50000 high-quality long haired rabbits annually. The long haired rabbits bred have high hair production, high coarse density, no tangling, strong disease resistance, easy to raise, strong breeding ability of female rabbits, good maternal quality, fast offspring growth, and stable genetic performance of breeding rabbits. This rabbit farm adopts artificial insemination technology to achieve unified breeding, unified litter production, and unified management. It has taken the lead in achieving semi-automatic shearing and provided this technology to introducers. The Dahua Long haired Rabbit Breeding Farm in Mengyin County covers an area of over 8000 square meters. After completion, it will have a capacity of 6000 long haired rabbit cages, 2000 basic female rabbits, and an annual output of 30000 commercial breeding rabbits. Relying on the influence of Mengyin County as the "hometown of long haired rabbits", and leveraging its advantages in rabbit feed, technology, and market, it vigorously develops and cultivates the "Yimeng Giant Long haired Rabbit". ?

繁殖廠(chǎng)的發(fā)展有力地帶動(dòng)了當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。到 2005 年底，蒙陰縣所在的臨沂市長(zhǎng)毛兔存欄 440 萬(wàn)余頭，兔毛總產(chǎn)量達(dá)到 2360 噸，收入 46.3 億元。蒙陰縣成功創(chuàng)建 “長(zhǎng)毛兔” 系列，被蠶桑繁殖委員會(huì)認(rèn)定為 “長(zhǎng)毛兔之鄉(xiāng)”。全縣萬(wàn)兔村達(dá)到 15 個(gè)，千兔場(chǎng) 48 個(gè)，“三百式”（百只籠、百只兔、百千克兔毛）養(yǎng)兔大戶(hù)達(dá)到 4350 個(gè)，兔業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)呈現(xiàn)出 “小字號(hào)、大產(chǎn)業(yè)、大市場(chǎng)” 的發(fā)展格局。蒙陰縣與山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)合作育成了高產(chǎn)毛量、高出毛率的 “蒙陰” 長(zhǎng)毛兔新品系，料毛比（45∶1）達(dá)到國(guó)內(nèi)水平。科技人員每年舉辦各種培訓(xùn)班，累計(jì)受訓(xùn)人員達(dá) 20 余萬(wàn)人。先后從國(guó)內(nèi)外引進(jìn)種兔 20 萬(wàn)只，健全了以縣種兔場(chǎng)為中心、鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)二級(jí)擴(kuò)繁場(chǎng)為紐帶、村社養(yǎng)殖小區(qū)為基礎(chǔ)的三級(jí)良種繁育推廣體系，累計(jì)向縣內(nèi)外提供種兔 250 萬(wàn)只，毛兔每只平均年產(chǎn)毛量由 80 年代初的 0.25 千克提高到 1 千克。

The development of breeding plants has effectively driven the local economic growth. By the end of 2005, there were over 4.4 million long haired rabbits in stock in Linyi City, where Mengyin County is located, with a total rabbit hair production of 2360 tons and a revenue of 4.63 billion yuan. Mengyin County has successfully created the "Chinese Long haired Rabbit" series and has been recognized by the National Sericulture and Breeding Commission as the "Hometown of Chinese Long haired Rabbits". There are 15 million rabbit villages, 48 thousand rabbit farms, and 4350 large-scale rabbit breeders using the "three hundred style" (one hundred cages, one hundred rabbits, one hundred thousand grams of rabbit fur) in the county. The rabbit industry economy presents a development pattern of "small businesses, large industries, and large markets". Mengyin County has collaborated with Shandong Agricultural University to develop a new strain of "Mengyin" long haired rabbit with high yield and high hair yield, with a feed to wool ratio of 45:1 reaching the advanced level in China. Technology personnel hold various training courses every year, with a total of over 200000 trainees. We have successively introduced 200000 breeding rabbits from both domestic and foreign sources, and established a three-level breeding and promotion system for high-quality breeds centered on county rabbit farms, linked by township level expansion farms, and based on village and community breeding communities. We have provided a total of 2.5 million breeding rabbits to both inside and outside the county, and the average annual production of fur per rabbit has increased from 0.25 kilograms in the early 1980s to 1 kilogram.

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